This study analyzes whether ongoing liberalization has resulted in more profound trade expansion for Indonesia versus regional partner countries. A gravity model is first employed to find whether regional trade agreements resulted in more significant intra-regional exports or diverted trade....

The trade war between the United States and China since 2008 has opened strategic opportunities to increase the economic market in ASEAN countries. This research aims to answer whether the trade war led to an oligopoly or a systemic market structure as a strategy for increasing demands,...

This study attempts to answer the research question of what and to what extent are the social (inequality) impacts of FDI in the selected ASEAN countries namely Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore and Philippines by referring it to different school of thoughts. The income inequality...

Purpose This study aims to explore the role of cultural distance, economic integration, price competitiveness and substitution prices for tourism arrivals between 10 Southeast Asian (ASEAN) countries and 22 other origin countries from 2007 to 2019. Design/methodology/approach A panel-data...