Researchers from different fields have attempted to explain regional integration using different theories and analytical tools. These theories and analytical tools typically visualize the regional integration process from the perspective of a single discipline, usually economics but also...

Researchers from different fields have attempted to explain regional integration using different theories and analytical tools. These theories and analytical tools typically visualize the regional integration process from the perspective of a single discipline, usually economics but also...

Theories of regional integration typically analyze the regional integration process from the perspective of a single discipline, usually economics. However, such one-dimensional analytical frameworks cannot fully capture the richness and complexity of the inherently multi-dimensional regional...

This paper introduces an alternative indicator to evaluate the external sector behavior of a country or region. The objective of this indicator, titled “The External Sector Vulnerability Monitoring Index” (henceforth ESVM) (λ), is to offer policy-makers and researchers a new analytical tool...

This paper is interested to apply the general theory of relativity develop by Albert Einstein (1916) into the analysis of international trade. We like to use this great theory of physics to explain the behavior of international trade among nations, at the same time, how a large country with a...

This paper evaluates the investment flows in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations five (ASEAN-5: Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, and Philippines) under the application the multi-level investment flow monitoring model (MIF-model) by M.A. Ruiz Estrada (2012). The MIF-Model is a new...

The research in this thesis is carried out based on two general observations: First, the lack of alternative regional integration (RI) and trade liberalization (TL) monitoring models. Second is a new regional integration scheme theoretical framework proposal to integrate middle and low income...

This paper introduces an alternative index to measure the external sector from a different focus. The indicator, called the “external sector development index” (SXi), is a new analytical tool for studying the external sector behaviour of any country or region. The SXi has four objectives....