This paper investigates remediation of Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 material weaknesses (MWs). Prior research examines full remediation of all MWs or broad categories thereof. We build on these studies by investigating remediation of specific types of MW, thus measuring progress in improving...

This paper examines how constraints on firms' financing capacity relate to managers' discretionary accounting choices. Three hypotheses of earnings management — the opportunism hypothesis, the rational expectations hypothesis, and the signaling hypothesis — predict that constrained firms...

We find that they are complements. We subject our sample of 15 European Union (EU) countries to two regulatory changes: (i) the adoption of the common euro currency in 1999 that resulted in a convergence in reporting incentives and (ii) the subsequent adoption of International Financial...