The purpose of our paper is to provide a commentary on the key challenges facing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) international tourism marketing strategies. The rationale for the paper is that tourism, both domestic and international, and in all its genres...

This paper presents a radical departure from what is now replete, and well documented in the literature - i.e. ‘mom and pop’ shops in European migrant populations. Rather our focus is on budding returnee migrants, and transnational entrepreneurs, who have navigated away from traditional...