Previous literature documents that executives tend to cash out equity incentives when equity-linked compensation vests …. Such a behavior destroys long-term incentives and hence is costly to outside shareholders. It is recommended that the … unloading of incentives can be limited when the firm adopts a minimum executive shareholding policy. We provide the first …

the total contractual incentives provided to their CEOs. Better monitored firms tend to have higher proportions of … incentives and total pay level. The findings support the view that monitoring and contractual incentives are substitutes, rather …

and bondholder-aligned CEO compensation components, particularly when CEOs have greater incentives to take and shift risk …

incentives, the level and structure of executive compensation, and firm performance. We operationalize the board's discretion in …. However, it also creates a hold-up problem that undermines CEOs' investment incentives and firm profit. Conversely, the …

decreasing firm risk. The mechanisms that transmit incentives to decisions and decisions to risk appear to be more conservative … investment and financial policies and preemptive management of ESG, legal, and cyberattack risks. The stock market reaction to …