Environmental integration has become a core objective for the EU under Article 11 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU. Since the introduction of this obligation by the Single European Act In 1987, the challenge has been to address the environmental issues associated with intensive...

Article 11 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) currently provides that "environmental protection requirements must be integrated into the definition and implementation of the Union policies and activities, in particular with a view to promoting sustainable development"....