The relationships between energy use in food systems, food system productivity, and energy resource constraints are complex. Moreover, ongoing changes in food production and consumption norms concurrent with urbanization, globalization, and demographic changes underscore the importance of energy...

In 2010, the European Parliament asked the European Commission to carry out a pilot project on the "certification of low-carbon farming practices in the European Union" to promote reductions of GHG emissions from farming. The overall aim of the project was to assess how efforts of European...