The transformer is one of the most useful pieces of equipment in a power system. The objective of the optimum design is to build the equipment as economically as possible. The design which fulfils certain limitations is subordinated to the question of economic manufacture. This paper presents a...

In practice it is quite customary that an alternative is evaluated by means of n ≥ 2 grades x1, ..., xn, each of which taking an integer value from 1 («bad») to m ≥ 3 («perfect»). Thus, a problem arises to rank the set X of all n-dimensional vectors x with integer components from 1 to m....

Introduction. Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch is the extended version of the traditional economic emission dispatch problem in which ramp rate is taken into account for the limit of generators in a power network. Purpose. Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch considered the treats of economy and...