The min--max edge crossing problem (MMECP) is a challenging and important application problem arising in integrated-circuit design, information visualization, and software engineering. With edges drawn as straight lines in accordance with the hierarchical graph drawing standard, the goal is to...

This book provides successful implementations of metaheuristic methods for neural network training. It is the first book to achieve this objective. Moreover, the basic principles and fundamental ideas given in the book will allow the readers to create successful training methods on their own....