Machine learning (ML) is a novel method that has applications in asset pricing and that fits well within the problem of measurement in economics. Unlike econometrics, ML models are not designed for parameter estimation and inference, but similar to econometrics, they address, and may be better...

Part I. Artificial intelligence : present and future -- 1. Human intelligence (HI) versus artificial intelligence (AI) and intelligence augmentation (IA) -- 2. Expecting the future: How AI's potential performance will shape current behavior -- Part II. The status of machine learning methods for...