This paper considers the influence of uncertainty with respect to GDP and population — both total and age structure — on long-run environmental impact projections. The paper takes as its starting point a simple, transparent, published model that is based on the stochastic version of the IPAT...

This paper examines two environmental impacts for which population has a substantial demonstrated influence: transport carbon emissions and residential electricity consumption. It takes as its starting point the STIRPAT framework and disaggregates population into four key age groups: 20-34,...

This review summarizes the evidence from cross-country, macro-level studies on the way demographic factors and processes — specifically, population, age structure, household size, urbanization, and population density — influence carbon emissions and energy consumption. Analyses employing...