As leveraged investors, are margin traders as informed as short sellers? Using a unique dataset on stock-level short selling and margin trading from three international stock markets, we find that margin trading has no cross-sectional predictability but short selling does. Compared to short...

Hedge funds with larger macroeconomic-risk betas do not earn higher returns, contrast to the theoretically predicted risk-return tradeoff. Meanwhile, high macro-beta funds deliver higher returns than low macro-beta funds following low-sentiment months, whereas the risk-return relation is flat...