Using a difference-in-differences approach, we show that relaxation of short-sale constraints helps to filter out low-quality borrowers from the bank loan market. Treated firms that can still borrow from banks enjoy a lower loan spread, compared with control firms without this sorting mechanism....

We investigate the informational role of trading volume and quote changes in VIX options with regard to future movements in the index, based upon a high-frequency framework. Our results reveal that whilst volume imbalances convey no significant predictive information, quote changes in VIX...