Manufacturer competition for retail distribution is shown to often include partially exclusive contracts when competitive retailers have the ability to shift sales by loyal customers to a chosen manufacturer. Since each manufacturer knows its sales will increase substantially at the expense of...

This article presents an expanded economic analysis of the potential procompetitive purposes served by exclusive dealing. Using examples taken from important antitrust cases, exclusive dealing is shown to be an efficient element in the arrangements manufacturers adopt with their dealers to...

It is undeniable that economics has had a huge effect on antitrust law over the last 30 years. Richard Posner, in the preface to the second, 2001 edition of his landmark book, Antitrust Law, notes that since the publication of the first edition of the book in 1976 there has been “a profound, a...