Both anti-corruption law and anti-trust law aim to create a level playing field and they are complementary to each other in support of this aim. Given the indispensable nature of both fields in terms of reaching social welfare, it is striking how differently society reacts to the breaching...

The main objective of this article is to discuss the current approach adopted by the competition law authorities and relevant courts on the liability of service providers, such as independent consultants or data processors, in cases involving cartels. The question of service providers' liability...

Web-based businesses have become potential targets of antitrust concerns across the world with the proliferation of information, the growth of internet-related businesses and over two billion users of the internet worldwide as of the end of 2011. As a result of the use of this exponentially...

In order to fully execute rights of defense, parties within a cartel investigation should be allowed to see the extent of the investigation file in an open and transparent manner, subject to the limit that the confidential information of undertakings must be respected and their confidentiality...

This article discusses the collaborative and complementary relationship between competition law and net neutrality rules for sustaining openness of the internet. Net neutrality is an ongoing debate since early 2000s regarding equal and fair treatment to data transmitted through network services....

Leniency applicants take on significant risks by self-reporting behaviors that may constitute competition law violations.To balance these risks, the requirements for conditional immunity should be set fairly by competition authorities, particularly when it comes to revoking immunity. This...

With its more than a decade-long enforcement practice, Turkish competition law has undergone significant changes that could indicate a move towards converging with the European jurisdiction in many respects. In particular, the Turkish merger control regime has been introduced to a new...

Developed economies have historically been a model for emerging market economies, particularly in the development and enforcement of competition laws. Modifications to competition law rules in developed economies, however, may not always be practical for emerging market economies to adopt....

It is hardly news to note that companies around the world have recently engaged in an escalating arms race with respect to data collection and that they have been using data collection and processing as a major growth strategy. The quickest and most efficient way for undertakings to access...