This paper tests for the existence of nationality discrimination in the English professional soccer league. Although wage equations have typically been used by labor economists to identify discrimination, the approach may be plagued by unobserved productivity characteristics that are correlated...

The goal of this article is to examine how immigrant enclaves influence labor market outcomes. We examine the effect of ethnic concentrations on earnings in the state of California. Individual-level wage equations that control for several observable human capital and demographic characteristics...