This article investigates gender wage discrimination based on a natural experiment, namely, the introduction of compulsory open exams applied in Brazil to public service job candidates as a way to prevent clientelism and nepotism. Our hypothesis is that if there is discrimination, so we should...

We produced a data set from a survey of a population of convicts in probation. We combined this new data set with an official data set from the Brazilian government to study labor market discrimination faced by ex-convicts. We were interested in estimating two potential effects of...

This paper uses the Allen-Uzawa partial factor of substitutability to classify men and women as substitutes or complementary in labor market. In addition, a regression was estimated to corroborate the initial results. The findings indicate that men and women are complementary in Brazilian formal...