Pragmatic-world nominal riskless rates are non-negative. However, conventional arbitrage theory has yet to develop a theoretical justification of this phenomenon. – We define the null-alternative cash as an investor holding onto cash and refraining from investment and consumption ("doing...

0. Introduction -- 1. The Linear Structure of Capital Asset Pricing Models -- 1.1. The Basic Idea of Theories of Financial Asset Prices -- 1.2. Cash-Flow Analysis -- 1.3. The Classical CAPM -- 1.4. The CAPM-Version By Black -- 1.5. The CAPM-Version with Non-Marketable Income -- 1.6. The...