This paper studies robust Bayesian persuasion of a privately informed receiver in which the sender only has limited knowledge about the receiver's private information. The sender is ambiguity averse and has a maxmin expected utility function. We show that when the sender faces full ambiguity,...

Option listing increases informed and uninformed trading by 12.4% and 23.9%, respectively, in the US between 2001 and 2010, hence reducing relative information risk. We establish the causal effects using control stocks with similar propensities of listing and a quasi-natural experiment using...

Government agencies routinely allow pre-release access to information to accredited news agencies under embargo agreements. Using high frequency data, we find evidence consistent with informed trading during embargoes of the Federal Open Market Committee's scheduled announcements. The E-mini S&P...