One recurring theme that emerges from empirical studies on franchising is the coexistence of franchised and company-owned units within the same chain. This paper supports the idea that mixed chains or dual distributions are efficient organizations when both the behavior of managers and the...

Franchising is nowadays a prominent way to organize the distribution sector. While previous literature suggests that monitoring issues are a critical determinant of organizational choices, it is rather silent on the optimal monitoring strategy once the organization of the chain is set. In this...