To account for currency substitution, most studies today include exchange rate as a determinant of the demand for money, in addition to income and interest rate. This tradition goes back to Robert Mundell who introduced this notion in 1963. In this paper, we demonstrate that the failure to find...

The S-Curve hypothesis postulates that while the cross-correlation between the current exchange rate and future values of the trade balance could be positive, the same correlation between the current exchange rate and past values of the trade balance could be negative. In this paper we decompose...

Purpose – While changes in stock prices are said to affect exchange rates, exchange rate changes are also said to affect stock prices. The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, the authors review all empirical literature by dividing them into two groups of univariate and multivariate...