I show that a unique equilibrium exists in a two-player all-pay auction with asymmetric independent discrete signal distributions and asymmetric interdependent valuations. The proof is constructive, and the construction is simple to implement as a computer program. For special cases, which...

I consider competitions in which, conditional on winning or losing, the effort exerted by a competitor does not necessarily decrease his payoff. This happens, for example, in competitions for promotions in which workers are intrinsically motivated, and in research and development races in...