This paper surveys the literature on the relationship between international trade in goods and the factors and the environment. Traditional approaches based on the Heckscher-Ohlin trade model and more recent models looking at non-competetive market structures are discussed. Moreover, the paper...

Mechanisms to avoid investment treaty disputes are an increasing priority for states. States often struggle, however, to develop evidence-based mechanisms due to a lack of information regarding the risks created by the operation of their administrative institutions. The self-assessment process...

China's recovery is well advanced-but it lacks balance and momentum has slowed, reflecting the rapid withdrawal of fiscal support, lagging consumption amid recurrent COVID-19 outbreaks despite a successful vaccination campaign, and slowing real estate investment following policy efforts to...