While the potential of carbon pricing to curb CO2 emissions is widely acknowledged, the instrument keeps being disputed due to its potential regressivity and the burden it places on low-income households. Recently also the issue of horizontal inequalities has gained in importance in political...

In 2008, Austria ranked ninth in the international labour cost hierarchy. Labour was most expensive in Norway, Belgium, Switzerland and Sweden. As the Austrian economy was less affected by the global economic crisis than the economies of its trading partners, Austria's labour productivity and...

Sick workers in many countries receive sick pay during their illness-related absences from the workplace. In several countries, the social security system insures firms against their workers' sickness absences. However, this insurance may create moral hazard problems for firms, leading to the...

Macroeconomic modelling is widely applied to assess the effects of carbon pricing. However, there remains substantial uncertainty on these effects within and especially across different modelling approaches. This paper, Part A, identifies model structure uncertainties and impact chains, i.e....

In this paper we identify policy implications for implementing carbon pricing in Austria, taking into account model structure uncertainty (see Part A: Kirchner et al., 2023). Methodologically, we compare the results of two macroeconomic models, DYNK and WEGDYN_AT, to evaluate the effects of...