Private placements provided by institutional or individual accredited investors are becoming an important financing tool for small public firms worldwide. However, private placement issuers offer, on average, poor returns. We explain this puzzle using 2,987 traditional private placements by...

We analyze the economic consequences of disclosure and regulation within a context of significant information asymmetry and lenient regulation. In Canada, firms can enter the stock market at a pre-revenue stage by fulfilling each of the requirements of an initial public offerings or using...

Small Canadian listed firms issue private offerings more often than public offerings. We analyze the way the firms discriminate between competing selling mechanisms to minimize their issuance costs. We examine a sample of 799 private placements (PPs) and 469 seasoned equity offerings (SEOs)...

This paper examines the valuation of venture capital (VC)-backed IPOs in Canada and the US over the 1986-2007 period. The data indicate that differences in listing standards between Canada and the US account for fact that IPOs are valued substantially lower in Canada. We consider alternative...

We analyze exit-related perceptions of the members of a large, well-structured Canadian angel group. Because they invest in high tech deals larger than CAN$1.2 million, together with venture capitalists and a matching fund, these angels should consider the initial public offering (IPO) as a...