We examine the long-term return performance of U.S. IPOs underwritten by relationship banks. We show that, over one- to three-year horizons, IPOs managed by relationship banks experience buy-and-hold benchmark-adjusted returns that are similar to those observed for a matching sample of stocks...

Using a novel measure of marketing during initial public offering (IPO) roadshows, we find that marketing positively predicts underpricing, price revisions, and post-IPO liquidity, but has little effect on fees. We further show that IPO roadshow duration and marketing intensity have decreased...

Using individual VCs' traffic to filings hosted on EDGAR, I document that venture capitalists (VCs) rely on information from the public market to improve private market investment selection. The number of filings viewed by a VC before a deal is positively related to the probability of a...

We conduct the first analysis of FinTech Retail Access programs for IPO share allocations. Issued largely by consumer-facing companies, these “Retail IPO” stocks underperform contemporaneous IPO stocks by an average of 17 percentage points over the first 9 months, even after adjusting for...

Using hand collected data from offering prospectuses and other corporate filings, we examine the market response to real estate investment trust (REIT) follow-on stock offerings’ stated uses of proceeds. We also track REIT banking relationships over time. Consistent with the idea of bank...

Venture capital is certainly important to a country in that it finances entrepreneurship and innovation. In recent years, secondary markets for private shares have emerged as an important node in the VC cycle by both facilitating interim liquidity for non-listed firms and providing external...

Recent studies, starting with Hanley Weiss and Hoberg (2010), have used textual analysis to document that voluntary disclosure of information in IPO prospectuses is associated with lower IPO underpricing. We employ an alternative measure and model the issuer's choice of information disclosure,...

While the intended goal of the 2012 JOBS Act was to ease access to capital for Emerging Growth Companies (EGCs), prior studies, notably Barth et al. (2017), find evidence of an increase in IPO underpricing and a higher cost of equity capital for EGC issuers. Using a difference-in-differences...

Prior research finds that sell-side analysts are generally willing partners with company management in facilitating the consistent meeting or beating of earnings expectations. We examine analysts who demonstrate the opposite behavior: issuing an unusually optimistic earnings forecast at the end...

Using content analysis we measure the impact of soft information, derived from words in IPO registration documents, on IPO pricing efficiency. First, using 2,298 U.S. IPOs from 1996 to 2008, we find that an IPO document's strategic tone correlates positively with the stock's first-day return;...