This research examines the ability of Earnings less Risk-free Interest Charge (ERIC) to predict stock returns. We find that that earnings, cash flow, and total income are more strongly associated with stock returns than ERIC or residual income. In conclusion, our research suggests that mandatory...

Price management is one of the most central and sensitive elements of the process of managing a successful brand. Even a small change in price can have a disproportionate change in profitability, thereby increasing the importance of accurate and scientific ways of determining optimal prices....