This paper shows that COVID-19 is associated with a decrease in liquidity and increased pricing efficiency and trading activities before the NYSE closed its trading floor. The closure of the trading floor led to a reduction of liquidity, pricing efficiency, and trading activities on the NYSE....

This paper explores the role of pre-opening price signals in price discovery and liquidity. NYSE Rule 48 suspends the responsibility of designated market makers for disseminating pre-opening price indications in the event of extreme market-wide volatility. Rule 48 speeds up the opening of stocks...

This study shows that market volatility affects stock returns both directly and indirectly through its impact on liquidity provision and the negative relation between market volatility and stock returns arises not only from greater risk premiums but also greater illiquidity premiums that are...