The paper examines the key determinants of European banks' profitability by analyzing the return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), net interest margin (NIM), and the risk-adjusted measures of profitability, RAROAA and RAROAE, across 34 European countries during the period from 2013 to...

The paper studies the productivity change of the commercial banks in the CEE countries over the post-crisis period 2013-2018. The productivity change is measured by the Malmquist Productivity Index and its sub-components, applying two approaches-the asset-oriented and profit-oriented...