Why do banks issue contingent convertible debt? To answer this question we study comprehensive data covering all issues by publicly traded banks in Europe of contingent convertible bonds (CoCos) that count as additional tier 1 capital (AT1). We find that banks with lower asset volatility are...

What is the impact of environmental consciousness (i.e., being green) as borrower and as lender on loan rates? We investigate this question employing an international sample of syndicated loans over the period 2011-2019. We find that green firms borrow at a signifi- cantly lower spread,...

In 2013, the Central Bank of Russia started revoking licenses from fraudulent banks. By 2020, two-thirds of all operating banks had been shuttered. We analyze this unique period in history with credit register data. Following “sin” bank closure, poorly-performing “bad” firms rush to...