We use exogenous variation in the degree of restrictions to bank competition across Italian provinces to study both the … effects of bank regulation and the impact of deregulation. We find that where entry was more restricted the cost of credit was … increase in bad loans. In provinces where restrictions to bank competition were most severe, the proportion of bad loans after …

We use exogenous variation in the degree of restrictions to bank competition across Italian provinces to study both the … effects of bank regulation and the impact of deregulation. We find that where entry was more restricted the cost of credit was … increase in bad loans. In provinces where restrictions to bank competition were most severe, the proportion of bad loans after …

Germany's bank-based financial system provides a high level of financial inclusion, measured by bank outreach and use … implementing the right to a basic bank account with an overdraft facility and protection against attachment, establishing public …

Policymakers introduce bank levies (BLs) to reduce the probability of crises. In this study, we evaluate the effects of …