We examine the relationship between the tone of mandatory disclosures and bank risk insolvency to determine what this qualitative information may reveal about bank stability. By using text analysis and the context-specific text dictionaries of Loughran and McDonald, we find that qualitative...

Litigation against a bank is indicative of misconduct risk because it suggests a failure to process customer complaints (EBA, 2014). This study examines the relationship between certain features of banks and potential and actual misconduct based on a panel of complaints submitted to the Italian...