In 2004, USA signed a bilateral free trade agreement with Morocco that was potentially devastating for the Turkish firm Mithat, an established clothing supplier of a number of major US buyers including Gap/Banana Republic/Old Navy. By means of this case study, we observe the manner in which...

Until recently, Zara, a major international clothing retailer and pioneer of fast fashion principles, kept almost half of its production in Spain and Portugal, earning the reputation of being one of the exceptions to globalization. Since the 1980s, the existence of such exceptions has been...

When a relatively powerless clothing supplier encroaches on the core competence of its dominant network partner and emerges as a competitor in its own right, this calls for detailed documentation and explanation. In this paper, we provide such an explanation through inquiry into the Turkish firm...