We discuss various performance measures of beta hedging and offer a new synthetic criterion that accounts for both risk-adjusted return and loss of the trading strategy. We consider two long portfolios hedged by the SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY) that mimics the S&P 500 index. The first portfolio...

Recently it was shown that the news-based stock pricing model (NBSPM) outperforms the momentum-enhanced five-factor Fama-French model (FF5M) for a representative list of holdings of the major US equity sector ETFs both in-sample (Schmidt 2023) and out-of-sample (Schmidt 2022). The leading term...