This article examines how copyright law protect academics in the Italian, German, and US jurisdictions and how academic authors use copyright vis-à-vis intermediaries (i.e. universities and publishers). The analysis shows that many academics are dissatisfied with how copyright works in the...

The right to academic freedom protected both under international treaties and national constitutions is at the very heart of social, cultural, and economic development. As far as scientific research and teaching are concerned, copyright has to be considered within the context of a proper...