This study primarily explores the impact of International Financial Reporting Standards mandatory adoption on accruals quality in the United Kingdom and Germany from 2001 to 2009. Besides accounting standard, we argue that the effectiveness of corporate governance mechanisms could be used as a...

In this paper, we investigate how real estate portfolio composition impacts earnings management (EM) of New Zealand listed property portfolios (NZ-LPPs). We employ a panel dataset containing accounting and property data for NZ-LPPs. The findings include: (1) the office property ratio of the real...