The move to defined contribution plans has transferred risk to individuals who are least capable of bearing such risk and requires them to make complex decisions for which they are not prepared. Accumulation (investments) and decumulation (annuity purchase) decisions are complex, costly, often...

There is a looming retirement crisis globally with the three pillars of retirement threatened because of insufficient funding, improper investment decisions, and transferring risk to individuals who are least capable of bearing such risk. This paper argues that the introduction of a unique...

This study aims to investigate the impacts of sustainability and credit quality in assets on diversification effects to financial and energy portfolios by using bond exchange traded funds (ETFs) with ESG and high yield components. This paper has three contributions. First, in order to achieve...