Seven bootstrap algorithms coded in SAS® are compared. The fastest (“OPDY”), which uses no modules beyond Base SAS®, achieves speed increases almost two orders of magnitude faster (over 80x faster) than the relevant "built-in” SAS® procedure (Proc SurveySelect). It is even much faster...

While permutation tests and bootstraps have very wide-ranging application, both share a common potential drawback: as data-intensive resampling methods, both can be runtime prohibitive when applied to large or even medium-sized data samples drawn from large datasets. The data explosion over the...