National and region capital cities are substantially larger than other cities in their countries and typically larger than would be predicted by Zipf's law. Though this empirical regularity is well established in the urban economics literature, causal estimates of the effect of capital...

Despite the large urban-rural income gap in many developing countries, it remains unclear to what degree this reflects the causal impact of urban residency. This paper presents new evidence on the gains of urban migration by analyzing the effect of childhood urban migration on economic outcomes....

The aim of this paper is to exam the spatial patterns of innovative performance in Brazilian industry, taking into account its regional interdependencies, and the impact of the main innovative inputs. There is a huge literature concerning regional innovation and the importance of local inputs in...