We provide an extensive set of alternative models for the estimation of the real cost of equity in a sample of utilities firms in Brazil with monthly data from March 2006 to June 2011. The traditional CAPM is rejected and, together with the Fama-French factors, give a poor fit. Additional...

This paper examines whether or not firms in regulated sectors present different indebtedness levels in comparison to firms in unregulated sectors, that is, whether or not an economically regulated environment impacts a firm's indebtedness level. We present an analysis of panel data for a sample...