I examine the competitive effects of mandated exclusive territories in the US beer industry. Theory is ambiguous as to the competitive impacts of this vertical practice. Using scanner data from a large number of grocery stores, I empirically examine the impact on beer prices, quantities, and...

The South African economy is characterized by concentrated industries, which pose particular challenges for the increased participation agenda. One such industry is the beer industry, where the competition authorities have failed to address market power and the structure of the industry...

In this paper, I exploit the exogenous, negative shock to the image of China in the COVID-19 pandemic era and study the impact of country image on consumer choice in the South Korean beer market. First, I find that Tsingtao, a popular Chinese beer brand, lost more than 5 million liters in sales,...

In this paper the two major breweries in Mexico, Grupo Modelo and Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewering Company (Cervecería Cuahtemoc-Moctezuma) are analyzed which already have long formed part of an oligopoly because these two companies account for more than 99% of beer market in this country. All...

The U.S. beer industry has shifted dramatically over the past two decades from a highly concentrated and homogeneous industry to one composed of thousands of small, heterogeneous producers, primarily focused on local markets. This shift evokes the question: how much do consumers prefer locally...

In this paper, we aim to investigate whether different segments of beer products can constitute a separate relevant product market within the framework of competition law. This question gained importance when the merger between Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller became subject to a Phase II...

Though U.S. antitrust authorities have historically focused on prices in merger analyses, there is now growing interest in the impact of mergers on non-price market outcomes. In this paper, we examine the effect of horizontal mergers on product variety in the U.S. beer industry. Upon acquisition...

This article reviews beer production, consumption and the industrial organization of breweries throughout history. Monasteries were the centers of the beer economy in the early Middle Ages. Innovation and increased demand later induced the growth of commercial breweries. Globalization and...

Successful technological change in countries outside the northern Atlantic during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries depended on entrepreneurial skills, not inventive expertise. In this examination of the Owens automatic glass-bottle-blowing machine in Mexico between 1905 and 1912,...

China's State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT) Regulation 17 took effect on New Year's Day, 2004. Regulation 17 comprehensively governs China's 25.3 billion yuan radio and television advertising market. It prohibits misleading advertising, requires advertising to be...