Implied cost of capital has been a research method to measure ex-ante market risk premia using analysts' forecasts and observable share prices. Despite its theoretical appeal, commonly used firm level as well as portfolio level implied cost of capital methods reveal differing empirical results....

We outline analytically that when testing different implied cost of capital (ICC) measures for validation by employing the Vuolteenaho (2002) framework, the cash-flow news in the validation framework should be defined in a way that considers the model specific assumed sequence of future cash...