A new strategy for validation of hydrocode predictions through the Bayesian analysis of radiographic data is presented. The Bayesian approach allows one to incorporate prior knowledge about the structure of the objects being analyzed and provides the foundation for assessing the reliability of...

Operational systems predict the consequences of atmospheric releases of hazardous materials for real-time emergency response, pre-event planning, and post-incident assessment. Such systems provide federal, state, and local agencies, emergency planners and responders, public health officials,...

Human and earth systems are extremely complex processes. The modeling of these systems to assess the effects of climate change is an activity fraught with uncertainty. System models typically involve the linking of a series of computer codes, each of which is a detailed model of some physical or...

This paper deals with the market for SO{sub 2} emission allowances over time and electric utility compliance choices. For currently high emitting plants ( 2.5 lb SO{sub 2}/MMBtu), the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) provide for about twice as many SO{sub 2} allowances to be issued per year...

The US Department of Energy (DOE) Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), located in southeast New Mexico, is a deep geologic repository for the permanent disposal of transuranic waste generated by DOE defense-related activities. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), in its role as scientific advisor...

In 1989 the US Department of Transportation (DOT), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released a set of models for analysis of chemical hazards on personal computers. The models, known collectively as ARCHIE (Automated Resource for Chemical...

Human and earth systems are extremely complex processes. The modeling of these systems to assess the effects of climate change is an activity fraught with uncertainty. System models typically involve the linking of a series of computer codes, each of which is a detailed model of some physical or...

This paper describes a face validation process developed to assess computer models used in Phase I of the Theater Missile Defense (TMD) Cost and Operational Effectiveness Analysis (COEA) and to aid the COEA Study Director in making accreditation decisions for those models. The process was...

Decision Support Software (DSS) continues to be developed to support analysis of decisions pertaining to environmental management. Decision support systems are computer-based systems that facilitate the use of data, models, and structured decision processes in decision making. The optimal DSS...