. Here we show that social security income (i.e., income from public, industry-wide, insurance-based, retirement and …Work in the marketplace is the primary source of income for most households in modern industrialized societies. A … the United States) we consider and less so for men who exit at younger ages. Private pension income in the United States …

force. We examine, in four countries, labor force exits at various ages and present evidence on household income from … various sources before and after the exit occurs. We focus on the rate at which household income is replaced through public … household income, after taxes and transfers, before and after labor force exits, not only is economic well-being greater but …