Over the coming two decades people are likely to stay in the workforce much longer – by about five years. There will be a strong trend towards later retirement as a result of social and economic pressures, without any policy action. The results will be largely positive and should therefore be...

I examine the effects of the introduction of the Spouse's Allowance to the Canadian Income Security system on the retirement behaviour of couples. This policy intervention provides an excellent opportunity to investigate how income security programs affect the timing of retirement. The structure...

This paper examines the work motivations and incentives of employees and selfemployed workers near retirement age. We use a sample of Canadians 50 years and older taken from LISA, the Longitudinal and International Study of Adult. Results are as follows. Poverty is associated positively with the...

Based on Statistics Canada's worker-firm matched Workplace and Employee Survey, our econometric analysis indicated that the average probability of receiving training was 9.3 percentage points higher for younger (25-49) compared to older (50+) workers. Slightly more than half of that gap is...

Lars Osberg makes the case in his paper that the major success story of Canadian social policy in the twentieth century has in fact been the reduction of poverty among senior citizens. According to Osberg, the poverty rate, defined with the poverty line measured as one-half median equivalent...

It is well recognized that the incomes of the elderly are on average much lower than those of the non-elderly reflecting their limited participation in the labour market. But do the elderly have lower levels of economic well-being? Indeed, the financial circumstances of the elderly differ...

Most studies analyzed the impact of decreased mobility on health and social network status, but only a few have provided evidence to understand how these latter factors could affect travel decisions or outcomes. This paper examined the linkage between people’s car driving and public transit...

Malgré une histoire construite avec l’immigration, les immigrants sont les personnes qui ont le plus de difficultés au Canada. D’après une nouvelle recherche récente, la proportion des immigrants récents (au Canada depuis 5 ans ou moins) et qui sont pauvres s’est constamment accrue,...

Literacy is central to the improvement and betterment of any society. Individuals cannot fully engage in social and political discourse, and are more likely to become less-than-equals in society without basic literacy to pursue their goals. On the individual level, more literate individuals tend...

Despite a history built on immigration, immigrants are among those who struggle the most in Canada. Recent research finds that the proportion of recent immigrants (in Canada for 5 years or less) who were in poverty has risen steadily from 24.6% in 1980 to 47% in 1995, before falling to 36% in...