Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the substitute between social old-age insurance and adult children in providing old-age support, and estimate the effects of China’s old rural pension program (ORPP) on sex ratio. Design/methodology/approach – Using data from China’s 2005...

This paper considers how the sex of preschool-aged children can affect living arrangements and maternal labor supply. In an extended family with young children, the joint decisions of co-residence and time allocations are driven by the concern that the companionship of children is a household...