Chap. 1: Jiang Xiaojuan: Economic transition and industrial development. Relevance, rationale, and significance to theories on economic transition. Chap.2: Marukawa, Tomoo: The Chinese television industry. An example of gradual transition. Chap. 3: Toshio, Tajima: Formation of Chinese-type...

This paper reconsiders the explanation of R&D subsidies by Spencer and Brander (1983) and others by allowing firms to license their innovations and to pool their R&D investments. We show that in equilibrium R&D joint ventures are formed and licensing occurs in a way that eliminates the strategic...