China's rapid urbanization and industrialization made it the world's largest refined copper producer and consumer. Insufficient copper ore reserves necessitated significant imports. Using material flow and scenario analysis, this study examined historical copper supply and assessed future...

On the eve of its economic reforms, China achieved a much higher level of secondary education than other countries with a similar per capita income at the time. This study investigates the pre-reform formation of China's human capital by examining a massive rural education expansion program...