This report evaluates California’s two major emissions trading systems (ETS): (i) the Regional Clean Air Incentives Market (RECLAIM) program for conventional air pollutants in southern California, begun in 1993 and now being retired; and (ii) the economy-wide greenhouse gas cap-and-trade program...

The extraordinary growth of greenhouse gas emissions in China represents the single greatest challenge to global climate change efforts in coming decades. China is the world’s leading emitter of greenhouse gases, having surpassed the United States in 2006. China’s greenhouse gas emissions...

The vast majority of the growth in greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades is expected to come from outside of the developed world. Yet on the whole, scholars have made only modest headway in identifying the distinctive features of effective environmental regulation in the developing...

The U.S. and China can and should reinvigorate global climate change action through a joint commitment to achieving (or approaching) carbon neutrality by 2045 in the run up to the next major international climate summit (COP26) in November 2021. Such a joint pledge would restore the constructive...

China plays, and will likely continue to play, an indispensable role in research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) and manufacturing of low-carbon technologies that are necessary to address climate change. For example, China’s scale-up capabilities that are underpinned by manufacturing...