In China, tobacco consumption is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases, and understanding the pattern of socio-economic inequalities of tobacco consumption will, thus, help to develop targeted policies of public health control. Data came from the China Health and Retirement...

We distinguish the heterogeneous productivity spillovers from foreign direct investment (FDI) at the firm level. Based on a multi-sector production model, we construct a firm-level distance statistic that measures a domestic firm's access to intermediate inputs that are produced by upstream...

In China, tobacco consumption is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases, and understanding the pattern of socio-economic inequalities of tobacco consumption will, thus, help to develop targeted policies of public health control. Data came from the China Health and Retirement...